In the protection and inheritance system of my country’s intangible cultural heritage, traditional craftsmanship is a living memory of national culture. Its deep integration with contemporary art design is not only an objective need for the continuation of craftsmanship, but also an inevitable choice for the resonance of cultural subjectivity with the contemporary spirit.
This article is based on the academic perspective of intangible cultural heritage protection. It uses national-level representative projects of intangible cultural heritage as the core observation to deeply explore the internal logic of the integration and innovation of traditional crafts and modern art design, as well as the principles to be followed, and the practical path. The purpose is to provide academic support for the era of intangible cultural heritage and the continuous development of skills.
1. The inevitable intersection of cultural roots and context of the times
Traditional arts and crafts, as a treasure of China's excellent traditional culture, carry rich historical documentary value and national aesthetic ideals. It is the crystallization of wisdom accumulated by working people in the long agricultural civilization.
It is often embedded in a specific folk culture space and relies on a rigorous inheritance school structure system. The essence of its skills has been passed down through oral transmission and has not been cut off for thousands of years.
There is a kind of modern art design that is deeply rooted in the soil formed by industrial civilization and the construction of the information society, focusing on innovations in functions, materials, and concepts.
The two seem to belong to different historical dimensions, but in fact they form a deep complementary relationship.
Along with the public's awakening to cultural identity and the improvement of art appreciation ability, modern aesthetics can no longer be satisfied with the superficial sense of form, but has turned to the pursuit of the depth of thought and cultural heritage behind the works.
Injecting the ecological ethics, hand-made warmth, and unique modeling grammar contained in intangible cultural heritage crafts into modern design can not only solve the dilemma of homogenization of modern art and design, focusing on technology over Taoism, but also open up a new channel for the living inheritance of skills that are on the verge of being lost, allowing them to be revitalized in contemporary society.
2. The principle of integration of integrity, innovation and Taoism
To integrate intangible cultural heritage techniques with modern design, the first and most important thing is to adhere to the basic principle of "keeping integrity and innovation".
The so-called "keeping integrity" means to have a prudent attitude of "taking the essence and discarding the dross", and carry out in-depth exploration of the core skills, creation ideas, and national symbols contained in traditional crafts, and protect the origin.
Designers must go deep among the people, seek advice from those who inherit the craftsmanship, understand the unique characteristics of craftsmanship in different schools and regions, and prevent superficial appropriation and piecemeal deconstruction of intangible cultural heritage elements.
The so-called "innovation" requires the implementation of the concept of creation of "the unity of Tao and instruments".
Traditional craftsmanship focuses on the unity of function and aesthetics, that is, "utility and benefit for people", which is very consistent with the people-oriented approach advocated by modern design.
In the process of integration, designers need to uphold innovative concepts and use modern design language to translate traditional elements to achieve the purpose of improving the contemporary aesthetic adaptability of products. They must also focus on retaining the warmth and texture of handicrafts, so that the works are not only novel in shape, but also carry profound cultural charm and spiritual connotation.
3. Path strategies for skill decoding and spatial intervention
To achieve creative transformation of traditional crafts, a set of scientific and rigorous systematic strategies must be constructed.
First of all, we must strengthen the research and decoding of intangible cultural heritage items.
Relying on field surveys and documentary research, we carried out classification and sorting work on totem patterns that have been circulated for thousands of years, as well as painting techniques, mortise and tenon structures, and forging processes, and conducted digital archiving operations to accurately extract core visual symbols and craft grammar that can be transformed into contemporary designs.
Secondly, in practice, we should pay attention to the combination of "overall intervention" and "local finishing touch".
Within the scope of macro spatial narrative, such as environmental design or public art, the ecological concept of "harmony between man and nature" contained in traditional crafts can be integrated into the overall planning to achieve a harmonious symbiosis of architecture, landscape and natural environment; at the micro level of artifact creation, traditional techniques such as carving, inlay, and weaving can be directly applied to modern product design and improved with the help of new materials and technologies to create works of art that are both elegant and novel.
For example, in interior design, modern simplification of the mortise and tenon structure of traditional architecture, or using the gold foil decoration technique of intangible cultural heritage to embellish modern homes, can create a space atmosphere full of oriental aesthetics while achieving practical functions.
4. The practical picture of craftsman spirit and era activation
With the current review of the protection of intangible cultural heritage, the application of traditional craftsmanship in modern design has shown practical scenes with diversified characteristics.
Within the scope of environmental design, designers set out to rediscover the ecological wisdom in folk crafts, focusing on the local characteristics of buildings and the original characteristics of materials, so that urban spaces can still maintain local memories in the process of modern development.
In modern packaging design, designers refer to the color matching and composition of traditional New Year pictures, paper-cutting, embroidery and other elements according to the attributes of the product, which improves the cultural recognition and market competitiveness of the product.
For those engaged in related professions, they must break the boundaries between disciplines and proactively build a cognitive framework for intangible cultural heritage. Not only must they pay attention to popular trends, but they must also delve deeply into the historical origins of traditional crafts and the spiritual connotation of craftsmen.
Only in this way can we prevent design from becoming a formal game that only has form but lacks substantial connotation, and effectively transform the value of intangible cultural heritage into outstanding works of the era with social influence and cultural communication. This will ultimately promote the continuation of traditional craftsmanship and the prosperity of modern art and design, and achieve the great renaissance of national culture in the contemporary environment.
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