Analysis on the contemporary revaluation of intangible cultural heritage and the practical path of inheritance
Intangible cultural heritage is the core carrier of national cultural genes. Its inheritance and protection actions have become an important issue in the national cultural strategy.
The large-scale online communication event "Welcome to the 19th National Congress: Praise of China through Culture" was co-sponsored by the Cyberspace Administration of China and the Ministry of Culture. It systematically presented the current status of the living inheritance of intangible cultural heritage items through on-site visits to the four provinces of Guizhou, Fujian, Shanxi, and Hubei.
This activity is not only a practice in cultural communication, but also deeply reflects the academic thinking on the transformation of intangible cultural heritage protection from static records to dynamic empowerment.
Genealogical composition and technical characteristics of intangible cultural heritage items
As far as the intangible cultural heritage resources in the province under investigation are concerned, their categories include traditional skills, folk art, performing arts and other fields, forming a diverse cultural pedigree.
The Miao batik in Guizhou area reflects the originality of handicrafts in minority areas. The ancient papermaking method of Shiqiao in Guizhou area reflects the ecological adaptability of handicrafts in minority areas. Fujian's Huihe shadow carvings demonstrate the extreme pursuit of details of the craftsmen system in the southeastern coastal areas. Cai's lacquer thread carvings in Fujian demonstrate the in-depth development of material aesthetics in the southeastern coastal areas. Shanxi's brocade art relies on the profound historical accumulation of Central Plains culture. Shanxi's Fenyang dough sculptures have formed a modeling language with the theme of folk narrative. Hubei's Han embroidery presents the magnificent and strange aesthetic appeal of Jingchu culture. Hubei's yellow plum blossom pattern shows the stylized inheritance of the acupuncture system in Jingchu culture.
These engineering projects are not simply a collection of skills, but carry a deeper level of specific community memories, local knowledge, their technical know-how, and the inheritance of oral formulas, which together constitute intangible assets that must be recorded as key points during the period of protection of intangible cultural heritage.
The cultural logic and aesthetic connotation of handicrafts
The essence of traditional craftsmanship is a materialized way of thinking .
Take carved paper-cutting as an example. The carved paper-cutting artists of Xiaogan use knives as pens. In a small space, they use hollow shapes and yin and yang carving methods to create a visual rhythm of interdependence between reality and reality. Within the genealogy of their patterns, there are a large number of Chu cultural totems and shamanistic symbols, which have important iconographic research value.
Similarly, the yarn-counting technique of Huangmei flower-stitching strictly follows the warp and weft veins of the base fabric and uses the cross stitch method to construct geometric abstract patterns. This kind of craft logic follows established rules and reflects the deep psychological structure of the sense of order and worship of nature in the farming civilization.
The art-related value of intangible cultural heritage does not exist in isolation, but is deeply embedded in the lifestyle of a specific community and is still in the belief system. This is precisely the core feature that distinguishes it from pure fine arts.
Policy framework and academic reflection on intangible cultural heritage protection
In 2017, the "Chinese Traditional Crafts Revitalization Plan" was promulgated. This event marked that the protection of intangible cultural heritage has entered a state, which is called institutionalization. At the same time, it has also entered another state, which is called systematization. Finally, punctuation marks must be added.
The plan is clearly put forward, with the basic principles of "respecting excellent traditional culture", "adhering to the spirit of craftsmanship", "stimulating creative vitality", "promoting employment and increasing income", and "adhering to green development", which provides a policy basis for the current transformation of traditional crafts.
However, reflection at the academic level cannot be ignored. In the process of promoting the productive protection of intangible cultural heritage, how to avoid the alienation of skills caused by excessive commercialization?
While advocating "modern design into traditional craftsmanship", at the same time, how to maintain the ontological value and cultural roots of the core craftsmanship?
These issues test the professional depth and ethical bottom line of conservation work.
The subjectivity and intergenerational practice of inheritance groups
The key to the living inheritance of intangible cultural heritage lies in the construction of the subjectivity of the inheritors.
The survey found that the current intangible inheritance pattern shows the coexistence of family inheritance and social inheritance .
At the same time, intangible cultural heritage protection centers in various places are actively promoting matters related to the introduction of intangible cultural heritage into schools, promoting popularization projects such as intangible cultural heritage community schools, and trying to cultivate cultural identity and aesthetic perception among young people, thereby accumulating endogenous motivation for the intergenerational inheritance of intangible cultural heritage.
The future orientation and cultural consciousness of living inheritance
, the ultimate goal of intangible cultural heritage protection is not to seal skills in museums, but to stimulate their self-development and innovation capabilities in a modern environment.
This requires us to go beyond mere inheritance of skills and move toward a deeper level of cultural consciousness .
On the one hand, it is necessary to encourage inheritors of intangible cultural heritage to cooperate with scholars in the humanities and social sciences to conduct field surveys, collect oral histories, and deeply invest in digging into the historical context and symbolic system of intangible cultural heritage projects, so as to provide credible primary documents for academic research. On the other hand, digital technology must be used to carry out rescue records for endangered items, build an intangible genetic map database, and preserve comprehensive cultural memories for future generations.
At present, globalization is advancing rapidly, and urbanization is also advancing rapidly. Under this situation, the protection of intangible cultural heritage is essentially a cultural restoration project, and this project is a race against time.
Only by adhering to academic rationality, adhering to the reverence due to culture, and respecting the wisdom contained in the folk, can we find a sustainable development path that can not only protect the roots of the nation but also integrate into the context of the times amid the tension between tradition and modernity.
This not only involves the continuation of skills, but also involves the fundamental issue of how a nation identifies itself and describes itself in the long history.
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